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MLF Research and Development Highlights of 2022

MLFで毎年発行しているMLF Annual Report 2022に掲載されたResearch and Development Highlightsを紹介します。記事の全文(英語)はPDFファイルをダウンロードしてご覧いただけます。

MLF Annual Report 2022

MLF Annual ReportのResearch and Development Highlightsは、MLF各装置、各セクションの責任者らの推薦により選ばれています。

Neutron: Structural Science (Crystal, Amorphous and Liquid)

Study on Large Elastic Deformation in Bulk Metal by In Situ Neutron Diffraction

S. Xu1, T. Odaira1, X. Xu1, T. Omori1, T. Kawasaki2, S. Harjo2, and R. Kainuma1
1Department of Materials Science, Tohoku University; 2Neutron Science Section, Materials and Life Science Division, J-PARC Center
pp. 4-6
BL19

The metals and alloys used in our everyday life are mostly crystalline, capable of elastic deformation as the bonds between atoms can be temporarily expanded or contracted by external forces. Theoretically, a maximum elastic strain in the order of...
Ref. S. Xu et al., Nat. Commun., 13 5307 (2022).

Effect of Hydrogen on Evolution of Deformation Microstructure in 2Mn-0.1C Ferritic Steel

K. Okada1,2, A. Shibata1,3, W. Gong3,4, and N. Tsuji2,3
1Research Center for Structural Materials, NIMS; 2Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyoto University; 3Elements Strategy Initiative for Structural Materials (ESISM), Kyoto University; 4Neutron Science Section, Materials and Life Science Division, J-PARC Center
pp. 7-9
BL19

Deterioration of the mechanical properties of metals and alloys by hydrogen is known as hydrogen embrittlement. Hydrogen-related quasi-cleavage (QC) fracture, one of the typical fracture modes of hydrogen embrittlement, occurs along a non-cleavage...
Ref. K. Okada et al., Acta Mater., 225 117549 (2022).

High-Pressure Synthesis of Transition-Metal Oxyhydrides with Double Perovskite Structures

T. Yajima1,2, K. Takahashi2, H. Nakajima2, T. Honda3,4, K. Ikeda3,4, T. Otomo3,4, and Z. Hiroi2
1Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University; 2Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo; 3Neutron Science Section, Materials and Life Science Division, J-PARC Center; 4Institute of Materials Structure Science, KEK
pp. 10-12
BL21

Transition-metal Oxyhydrides crystallizing in perovskite-type and related structures often exhibit high performances regarding ionic conductivity and catalyzing ammonia synthesis owing to the low valence and large negative redox potential of H...
Ref.T. Yajima et al., Inorg. Chem. 61, 2010-2016 (2022).

Impact of Na Concentration on the Phase Transition Behavior and H Conductivities in the Ba-Li-Na-H-O Oxyhydride System

K. Okamoto1, F. Takeiri2, and G. Kobayashi2,3
1Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University; 2Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR), RIKEN; 3Department of Electrical Engineering and Bioscience, Waseda University
pp. 16-17
BL09

Hydrogen transport in solids has received much attention due to expectation for electrochemical applications, including fuel cells and batteries. In the field, proton (H+) conduction has been almost the only choice, but recently, the use of hydride...
Ref. K. Okamoto et al. Adv. Sci., 10 2203541 (2022).

Neutron: Energy Science and High-Pressure Science

Atomic Distribution and Local Structure in Ice VII from in situ Neutron Diffraction

K. Yamashita1, #, K. Komatsu1, S. Klotz2, O. Fabelo3, M. T. Fernández-Díaz3, J. Abe4, S. Machida4, T. Hattori5, T. Irifune6, T. Shinmei6,K. Sugiyama7, T. Kawamata7, and H. Kagi1
1Geochemical Research Center, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo; 2Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Sorbonne Université; 3Institut Laue-Langevin; 4Neutron Science and Technology Center, CROSS; 5Neutron Science Section, Materials and Life Science Division, J-PARC Center; 6Geodynamics Research Center, Ehime University; 7Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, #Present address: Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck
pp. 2-3
BL11

Water (H2O or D2O) is one of the simplest molecules but is also known for the anomalous diversity in crystalline polymorphs, which number 20 to date. Ice II is one of the high-pressure phases, which is stable at temperatures higher than 273 K at 3...
Ref. K. Yamashita et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 119, 1 (2022).

The Ion Dynamics in Li10GeP2S12 Investigated by Quasi-Elastic Neutron Scattering Measurements

S. Hori1, R. Kanno1, O. Kwon2, Y. Kato3, T. Yamada4, M. Matsuura4, M. Yonemura5, T. Kamiyama5, K. Shibata6, and Y. Kawakita6
1Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology; 3Toyota Motor Europe; 4Neutron Science and Technology Center, CROSS; 5Neutron Science Division (KENS), Institute of Materials Structure Science, KEK; 6J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency
pp. 13-15
BL02

The performances of current Li-ion batteries could potentially be enhanced through the development of all-solid-state Li batteries, where Li+ conductors are used as solid electrolytes to replace conventional organic liquid electrolytes. For the ideal...
Ref. S. Hori et al., J. Phys. Chem. C, 126, (2022) 9518.

Tracer diffusion coefficient measurements in solid-state electrolytes through neutron radiography

F. Song1, H. Hayashida2, T. Kai1, T. Shinohara1, T. Yabutsuka3, T. Yao4, and S. Takai3
1Neutron Science Section, Materials and Life Science Division, J-PARC Center; 2Neutron Science and Technology Center, CROSS; 3Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University; 4Kyoto University
pp. 18-21
BL22

All-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) have been an attractive technology for higher reliability and higher energy density in comparison to ordinary Li-ion batteries. However, due to the low ionic conductivity of solidstate electrolytes (SSEs) which is a...
Ref. F. Song et al., Solid State Ionics, 377 (2022) 115873.

Neutron: Soft Matter and Biological Matter

Interfacial Structure and Tribological Property of Adsorbed Layer Formed by Organic Friction Modifier

T. Hirayama1, N. Yamashita1, and N. L. Yamada2
1Dept. of Mechanical Engineering and Science, Kyoto University; 2Institute of Materials Structure Science, KEK
pp. 24-25
BL16

In recent years, engine oil has been increasingly low-viscosity in order to achieve further fuel efficiency in automobiles. However, low viscosity engine oil tends to cause oil film breakage, which increases the risk of seizure in addition to...
Ref. N. Yamashita et al., Tribology Online, 17 4 246 (2022).

Mobile Water Near Poly(ethylene oxide) at Physiological Temperature

T. Tominaga1, M. Hishida2, D. Murakami3, Y. Fujii4, M. Tanaka5, and H. Seto6
1Neutron Science and Technology Center, CROSS; 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science; 3Faculty of Humanity-Oriented Science and Engineering, Kindai University; 4Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University; 5Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University; 6Neutron Science Section, Materials and Life Science Division, J-PARC Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, KEK
pp. 26-27
BL02

The macroscopic properties of synthetic polymers are greatly varied by the choice of functional groups in the main and side chains. Appropriate placement of hydrophilic and hydrophobic functional groups can control the position of water molecules...
Ref. Taiki Tominaga et al., J. Phys. Chem. B 126 1758-1767 (2022).

Monitoring of Rapid Morphological Changes by Photo-Irradiation in Micelles by in situ SANS

M. Akamatsu1,2, H. Iwase3, K. Kobayashi2, T. Morita2, R. Tanaka2, Y. Sakaguchi3, K. Sakai2, and H. Sakai2
1Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University; 2Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science; 3Neutron Science and Technology Center, CROSS
pp. 28-30
BL15

Photo-induced rapid control of molecular assemblies formed by surfactants, such as micelles and vesicles can be applied in the controlled release and delivery of drugs or active components. A variety of photoresponsive surfactants based on...
Ref. M. Akamatsu et al., Sci. Rep. 11 10754 (2021).

High-resolution Neutron Structure Reveals the Non-planarity of Peptide bonds

Y. Hanazono1, Y. Hirano2,3, K. Takeda4, K. Kusaka5, T. Tamada2,3, and K. Miki4
1Medical Research Institutes, Tokyo Medical and Dental University; 2Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology; 3Graduate School of Science, Chiba University; 4Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University; 5Neutron Science and Technology Center, CROSS
pp. 31-33
BL03

Proteins are polymers composed of α-amino acids, interconnected through peptide bonds. The dihedral angles of main chain, known as ϕ and ψ, are restricted to energetically favorable regions, serving as parameters in Ramachandran plots for assessing...
Ref. Y. Hanazono et al., Science Advances 8 eabn2276 (2022).

Neutron: Magnetic Material and Strongly Correlated Electron System (Structure)

Relief of Spin Frustration through Magnetic Anisotropy in the Quasi-one-dimensional S = 1/2 Antiferromagnet Na2CuSO4Cl2

M. Fujihala1,2, Y. Sakuma1, S. Mitsuda1, A. Nakao3, K. Munakata3, R. A. Mole4, S. Yano5, D. H. Yu4, K. Takehana6, Y. Imanaka6, M. Akaki7, S. Okubo7, and H. Ohta7
1Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science; 2Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency; 3Neutron Science and Technology Center, CROSS; 4Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation; 5National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center; 6National Institute for Materials Science; 7Molecular Photoscience Research Center, Kobe University
pp. 39-41
BL18

Exotic spin states are expected to be observed in low-dimensional magnets. In most low-dimensional magnets, however, there is relatively strong threedimensional (3D) magnetic coupling, which induces magnetic ordering at finite temperatures. More to...
Ref. M. Fujihala et al., Phys. Rev. B 105 144410 (2022).

Zigzag Antiferromagnetic Order in the Kitaev Spin-liquid Candidate RuBr3 with a Honeycomb Lattice

Y. Imai1, K. Nawa2, Y. Shimizu3, W. Yamada1, H. Fujihara1, T. Aoyama1, R. Takahashi2, D. Okuyama2, T. Ohashi3, M. Hagihala4, S. Torii4, D. Morikawa2, M. Terauchi2, T. Kawamata5, M. Kato5, H. Gotou6, M. Itoh3, T. J Sato2, and K. Ohgushi1
1Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University; 2Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University; 3Department of Physics, Nagoya University; 4Institute of Materials Structure Science, KEK; 5Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University; 6Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo
pp. 42-43
BL08

A search for elementary excitations with the fractional quantum number has been one of the most intriguing topics in condensed matter physics. Recently, compounds with a honeycomb lattice have attracted attention due to a theoretical breakthrough....
Ref. Yoshinori Imai et al., Physical Review B 105 L041112 (2022).

Neutron: Magnetic Material and Strongly Correlated Electron System (Dynamics)

Excitations in the Ordered and Paramagnetic States of Honeycomb Magnet Na2Co2TeO6

W. Yao1, K. Iida2, K. Kamazawa2, and Y. Li1
1International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University; 2Neutron Science and Technology Center, CROSS
pp. 34-36
BL01

The spin-1/2 Kitaev honeycomb model is a booming direction to search for quantum spin liquids, where spins are highly frustrated due to bond-directional Ising interactions. In the past decade, the materialization of this model has been focused on...
Ref. Weiliang Yao et al., Physical Review Letters 129 147202 (2022).

Crystal Electric Field Level Scheme Behind Giant Magnetocaloric Effect for Hydrogen Liquefaction

N. Tera1, H. Mamiya1, H. Saito2, T. Nakajima2,3, T. D. Yamamoto1, K. Terashima1, H. Takeya1, O. Sakai4, S. Itoh5,6, Y. Takano1, M. Hase1, and H. Kitazawa1
1National Institute for Materials Science; 2Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo; 3RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS); 4Neutron Science and Technology Center, CROSS; 5Institute of Materials Structure Science, KEK; 6Materials and Life Science Division, J-PARC Center
pp. 37-38
BL12

Magnetic refrigeration, which is known as a cooling method using a magnetic field, has been actively researched so far mainly for application to near room temperature or extremely low temperatures below 1 K. On the other hand, recently, magnetic...
Ref. Noriki Terada et al., Communications Materials 4 13 (2023).

Square and Rhombic Lattice States of Magnetic Skyrmions in a Centrosymmetric Magnet EuAl4

R. Takagi1,2,3,4, N. Matsuyama1, V. Ukleev5, L. Yu5,6,7, J.S. White5, S. Francoual8, J.R.L. Mardegan8, S. Hayami1,3, H. Saito9, K. Kaneko10,11, K. Ohishi12, Y. Ōnuki4, T. Arima4,13, Y. Tokura1,4,14, T. Nakajima4,9, and S. Seki1,2,3,4
1Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo; 2Institute of Engineering Innovation, University of Tokyo; 3PRESTO, JST; 4RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS); 5Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging (LNS), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI); 6Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); 7Institute of Materials, EPFL; 8Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY; 9Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo; 10Materials Sciences Research Center, JAEA; 11J-PARC Center, JAEA; 12Neutron Science and Technology Center, CROSS; 13Department of Advanced Materials Science, University of Tokyo; 14Tokyo College, University of Tokyo
pp. 44-45
BL15

Recently, topological objects in condensed matters have attracted significant attention as the source of rich emergent phenomena and functions. One typical example is the magnetic skyrmion with swirling spin texture, which is characterized by...
Ref. R. Takagi et al., Nat. Commun. 13 1472 (2022).

Neutron: Fundamental Physics, Nuclear Physics, Instrumentation, Imaging

Energy-resolved Neutron-induced Soft-error Cross Section from 10 meV to 800 MeV Measured by Time-of-flight Method

H. Iwashita1,2, R. Kiuchi1, Y. Hiroshima1, Y. Okugawa1, T. Sebe2, M. Takeda2, H. Sato2, T. Kamiyama2, M. Furusaka2, and Y. Kiyanagi2
1Environment and Energy Laboratories, NTT; 2Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University
pp. 52-54
BL10

We measured successfully a semiconductor neutron-induced soft-error cross section from 10 meV to 1 MeV by time-of-flight measurement at MLF. The findings reveal, for the first time, a complete picture of the energy dependence of soft-errors (J-PARC...
Ref. H. Iwashita et al., IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.,70, 216 (2023).

Breakthrough of Neutron Interferometer

T. Fujiie1,2, M. Hino3, T. Hosobata2, G. Ichikawa4,5, M. Kitaguchi1,4,6, K. Mishima4,5, Y. Seki7, H. M. Shimizu1,4, and Y. Yamagata2
1Department of Physics, Nagoya University; 2Center for Advanced Photonics, RIKEN; 3Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University; 4Institute of Materials Structure Science, KEK; 5Neutron Science Section, Materials and Life Science Division, J-PARC Center; 6Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute, Nagoya University; 7Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University
pp. 55-56
BL05

Neutron interferometer is an apparatus for the ultra-high precision measurement of neutron-related interactions. Numerous experiments for various fields have been performed since the first successful test of a single-crystal neutron interferometer....
Ref. T. Fujiie et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 132, 023402 (2024).

Measurement of the 241Am Neutron Capture Cross Section with Fe and Si-filtered Neutron Beam Using the NaI(Tl) Spectrometer of the ANNRI Beamline

G. Rovira1, A. Kimura1,2, S. Nakamura1,2, S. Endo1,2, O. Iwamoto1, N. Iwamoto1, T. Katabuchi3, Y. Kodama3, and H. Nakano3
1Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, JAEA; 2Neutron Science Section, Materials and Life Science Division, J-PARC Center; 3Laboratory for Zero-Carbon Energy, Tokyo Institute of Technology
pp. 57-59
BL04

Partitioning and transmutation have been the approaches taken by Japan in order to solve the long-term accumulation of High-Level nuclear Waste (HLW). At the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), the transmutation of minor actinides (MA) is currently...
Ref. Rovira G et al., JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 60 489-499 (2022).

Development of Pulsed Magnet System for Sample Environment equipment

M. Watanabe1, T. Kihara2, and H. Nojiri3
1Technology Development Section, Materials and Life Science Division, J-PARC Center; 2Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sci-ence, Okayama University; 3Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University
pp. 60-61
BL10

With the development of various measurement techniques, such as magnetization, electric resistance, specific heat, ESR and NMR, high magnetic field environment has become indispensable in material science. Neutron scattering experiments under high...
Ref. M. Watanabe et al., Quantum Beam Sci. 7(1), 1 (2023).

Neutron: Industrial Application

Ionomer Distribution of N-Doped Carbon Surfaces

W. Yoshimune1, N. Kikkawa1, H. Yoneyama1, N. Takahashi1, S. Minami1, Y. Akimoto1, T. Mitsuoka1, H. Kawaura1, M. Harada1, N. L. Yamada2,3, and H. Aoki2,3
1Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc.; 2Neutron Science Section, Materials and Life Science Division, J-PARC Center; 3Institute of Materials Structure Science, KEK
pp. 22-23
BL17

To meet the demand for more affordable fuel cell electric vehicles, it is necessary to reduce the Pt loading in the catalyst layer of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs). Ott et al. proposed a method involving NH3 treatment to modify the...
*Ref. W. Yoshimune et al., ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 14 53744 (2022).

Muon: Electronic Properties of Matter & Hydrogen in Matter

Evolution of Magnetism and Superconductivity Toward the Quantum Critical Point in the Heavy Fermion System

W. Higemoto1,2,3, M. Yokoyama4, T. U. Ito1,2, T. Suzuki1,3, S. Raymond5, and Y. Yanase6,7
1Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency; 2Muon Science Section, Materials and Life Science Division, J-PARC Center; 3Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology; 4Department of Physics, Ibaraki University; 5Universite Grenoble Alpes; 6Department of Physics, Kyoto University; 7Institute for Molecular Science
pp. 46-47
D1

Quantum critical phenomena are one of the central issues in condensed matter physics. In the vicinity of the quantum critical point (QCP) where two different interactions compete at T = 0, the quantum fluctuation plays a major role to realize...
Ref. W. Higemoto et al., PNAS 119, e2209549119 (2022).

Ambipolarity of Dilute Hydrogen in Power Semiconductor β-Ga2O3 Revealed by μSR

M. Hiraishi1,2, H. Okabe1,3, A. Koda1,4, R. Kadono1,4, T. Ohsawa5, N. Ohashi5, K. Ide6, and T. Kamiya6,7
1Muon Science Section, Materials and Life Science Division, J-PARC Center; 2Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University; 3Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University (IMR); 4Department of Materials Structure Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai); 5National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS); 6Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology; 7Materials Research Center for Element Strategy, Tokyo Institute of Technology (MCES)
pp. 48-49
S1

Power semiconductors are used in a variety of electronic devices as key components for voltage conversion and AC to DC conversion. Gallium oxide is now being studied as a candidate material for next-generation power semi-conductors. Because of its...
Ref. M. Hiraishi et al., Phys. Rev. B, 107, L041201 (2023).

Muon: General Applications

Determination of Light Element Composition for Asteroid Ryugu Using Muon Beam

K. Ninomiya1, I. Chiu1, K. Terada1, T. Osawa2, T. Wada3, T. Nakamura3, S. Nagasawa4, T. Minami4, M. Katsuragawa4, S. Takeda4, T. Takahashi4, M. K. Kubo5, A. Taniguchi6, S. Watanabe7, T. Azuma8, K. Mizumoto9, S. Takeshita10,11, I. Umegaki10,11, K. Shimomura10,11, and Y. Miyake10,11
1Osaka University; 2Japan Atomic Energy Agency; 3Tohoku University; 4The University of Tokyo; 5International Christian University; 6Kyoto University; 7JAXA; 8RIKEN; 9Tokyo University of the Arts; 10Muon Science Section, Materials and Life Science Division, J-PARC Center; 11Institute of Materials Structure Science, KEK
pp. 50-51
D2

What was the early solar system like, and why did life emerge on Earth? The composition of the solid material in the solar ystem is one element of the fundamental and essential data to solve these big mysteries. Many pieces of information related to...
Ref. T. Nakamura et al., Science, 379, eabn8671 (2022).

Others

New Material Exploration to Enhance Neutron Intensity Below Cold Neutrons

M. Teshigawara1, Y. Ikeda2, M. Yan2, K. Muramatsu3, K. Sutani3, M. Fukuzumi4, Y. Noda5, S. Koizumi5, K. Saruta1, and Y. Otake2
1Neutron Source Section, Materials and Life Science Division, J-PARC Center; 2Center for Advanced Photonics, RIKEN; 3INCUBATION ALLIANCE INC; 4Department of Materials and Analysis, Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Technology; 5Institute of Quantum Beam Science, Ibaraki University
pp. 62-64
BL21

Slow neutrons, such as cold neutrons, are important nondestructive probes not only for basic physics but also for the structural genomics dvancements in the life sciences and the battery technology advancements needed for the transition to a...
Ref. M. Teshigawara et al., Nanomaterials 13 76 (2023).